IN this lab through a number of collision tests we set out to verify the equation for momentum and the fact that momentum is a conserved quantity.
Collision 1: Bouncy Collision
In this test we ran a moving cart into a non moving cart.
Collision 1: Bouncy Collision
In this test we ran a moving cart into a non moving cart.
p = m * v
Initial Momentum: 0.0822276 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.07428204 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 9.7%
Even though there isn't a fantastic percent difference I believe this still does verify what we were trying to prove as it shows a similar amount of momentum before and after the collision verifying the conservation of momentum and that the equations function correctly.
Collision 2: Bouncy Collision (Both Moving)
In this test we ran two carts at the same time into each other
Initial Momentum: 0.0822276 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.07428204 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 9.7%
Even though there isn't a fantastic percent difference I believe this still does verify what we were trying to prove as it shows a similar amount of momentum before and after the collision verifying the conservation of momentum and that the equations function correctly.
Collision 2: Bouncy Collision (Both Moving)
In this test we ran two carts at the same time into each other
p = m * v
Initial Momentum: 0.0495936 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.0588672 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 18.7%
While this percent difference is very high the results still show enough similarity to verify conservation of momentum and the equations functions correctly.
Collision 3: Sticky Collision (one moving, one stationary)
In this experiment the magnets on the ends of the carts face towards each other so that the carts become joined after collision.
Initial Momentum: 0.0495936 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.0588672 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 18.7%
While this percent difference is very high the results still show enough similarity to verify conservation of momentum and the equations functions correctly.
Collision 3: Sticky Collision (one moving, one stationary)
In this experiment the magnets on the ends of the carts face towards each other so that the carts become joined after collision.
p = m * v
Initial Momentum: -0.112488 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: -0.111132 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 1.2%
Since the percent difference i calculated in this test was incredibly similar I can definitely verify the equations and conservation of momentum in a sticky collision.
Collision 4: Sticky Collision (Both)
In this test both carts where moving toward each other while able to stick to each other once colliding.
Initial Momentum: -0.112488 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: -0.111132 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 1.2%
Since the percent difference i calculated in this test was incredibly similar I can definitely verify the equations and conservation of momentum in a sticky collision.
Collision 4: Sticky Collision (Both)
In this test both carts where moving toward each other while able to stick to each other once colliding.
p = m * v
Initial Momentum: -0.034902 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.03062304 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 12.3%
The percent difference while higher then ideal is still close enough to verify the equation and conservations of momentum.
Collision 5: Explosion
A force between both carts propels them in opposite directions
Initial Momentum: -0.034902 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.03062304 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference: 12.3%
The percent difference while higher then ideal is still close enough to verify the equation and conservations of momentum.
Collision 5: Explosion
A force between both carts propels them in opposite directions
p = m * v
Initial Momentum: 0 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.0242676 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference (between two carts final momentum): 12.7%
Since there is no initial momentum in the case of an explosion we cant verify the equation and conservation of momentum in the same way but since we still can see that the momentum of both carts following the explosion remain similar.
Conclusion:
Following all the tests looking at the results we can guarantee even though there is a bit of difference between some quantities that momentum is conserved during collision and that the equation for momentum is correct.
SOurces of uncertainty: During these tests there are many sources of uncertainty which I believe contributed to the larger then hoped for differences. The biggest of these sources is the inability to perfectly mark the video to determine velocity and position, another source is possible mistakes made during calculations which while able to skew some results does not change the ability for the experiments to verify momentum.
Initial Momentum: 0 (kg*m/s)
FInal Momentum: 0.0242676 (kg*m/s)
Percent Difference (between two carts final momentum): 12.7%
Since there is no initial momentum in the case of an explosion we cant verify the equation and conservation of momentum in the same way but since we still can see that the momentum of both carts following the explosion remain similar.
Conclusion:
Following all the tests looking at the results we can guarantee even though there is a bit of difference between some quantities that momentum is conserved during collision and that the equation for momentum is correct.
SOurces of uncertainty: During these tests there are many sources of uncertainty which I believe contributed to the larger then hoped for differences. The biggest of these sources is the inability to perfectly mark the video to determine velocity and position, another source is possible mistakes made during calculations which while able to skew some results does not change the ability for the experiments to verify momentum.
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